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Research

Renal Masses in Childhood: An Australian Perspective

Childhood renal masses comprise a heterogeneous group of conditions that have a wide range of presentations. This review outlines an approach to the diagnostic work-up of childhood renal masses and discusses the most common presentations and treatments. Renal tumours make up 5% of childhood cancer in Australia, with Wilms tumour being the most common under age 10 years.

Research

T cells recognizing a 11mer influenza peptide complexed to H-2D b show promiscuity for peptide length

T-cell repertoire is selected according to self peptide-MHC (major histocompatibility complex) complexes in the thymus.

Research

Cross-presentation of cutaneous melanoma antigen by migratory XCR1+CD103− and XCR1+CD103+ dendritic cells

This report provides new insight into the functional specialization within the broad network of dendritic cells that are responsible for skin immunosurveillance

Research

CD8+XCR1neg Dendritic Cells Express High Levels of Toll-Like Receptor 5 and a Unique Complement of Endocytic Receptors

Our data demonstrate that CD8+XCR1neg DCs possess a unique pattern of endocytic receptors and a restricted TLR profile that is particularly enriched for TLR5

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Changes in cell morphology guide identification of tubulin as the off-target for protein kinase inhibitors

Early changes in cell morphology upon treatments are a strong indication that the inhibitor is directly targeting tubulin

Research

Prostaglandin E2 imprints a long-lasting effect on dendritic cell progenitors in the bone marrow

Injection of BM-differentiated DCs from nonchimeric mice restored the reduced immune responses of PGE2-chimeric mice.

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Improving compliance with swallowing exercise to decrease radiotherapy-related dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer

Dysphagia, one of the most common complications in head and neck cancer (HNC) treated with radiotherapy, can severely affect patients’ quality of life. Currently, because no “gold standard” treatment exists, swallowing exercise remains the main rehabilitation strategy for dysphagia. However, patients’ compliance with long-term swallowing exercise is only 40%, thus, greatly compromising outcomes. This article aims to analyze thefactors influencing swallowing exercise compliance in patients with HNC and explains strategies developed to date for improved rehabilitation outcomes.

Research

Retinoic Acid Induces an IFN-Driven Inflammatory Tumour Microenvironment, Sensitizing to Immune Checkpoint Therapy

With immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) having reshaped the treatment of many cancers, the next frontier is to identify and develop novel combination therapies to improve efficacy. Previously, we and others identified beneficial immunological effects of the vitamin A derivative tretinoin on anti-tumour immunity.