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Research priorities for the secondary prevention and management of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop reportSecondary prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) involves continuous antimicrobial prophylaxis among affected individuals and is recognised as a cornerstone of public health programmes that address these conditions. However, several important scientific issues around the secondary prevention paradigm remain unresolved.
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Invasive group B streptococcal infections in Western Australia, 2000–2018Neonatal and puerperal sepsis are major manifestations of invasive group B streptococcal (Streptococcus agalactiae; iGBS) infections. International data indicate the importance of iGBS infections among non-pregnant adults.
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Biomarkers of vaccine safety and efficacy in vulnerable populations: Lessons from the fourth international precision vaccines conferenceVaccination has been a cornerstone of public health, substantially reducing the global burden of infectious diseases, notably evident during the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2.
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Introduction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carrying wAlbB Wolbachia sharply decreases dengue incidence in disease hotspotsPartial replacement of resident Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with introduced mosquitoes carrying certain strains of inherited Wolbachia symbionts can result in transmission blocking of dengue and other viruses of public health importance. Wolbachia strain wAlbB is an effective transmission blocker and stable at high temperatures, making it particularly suitable for hot tropical climates.
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State transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum: scoping review and evidence gapsThe spectrum of diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) ranges from superficial to serious life-threatening invasive infections. We conducted a scoping review of published articles between 1980 and 2021 to synthesize evidence of state transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum. We identified 175 articles reporting 262 distinct observations of Strep A disease state transitions.
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Safety surveillance of influenza vaccine in pregnant womenVaccination is the most effective strategy for preventing influenza infection in pregnancy.
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Immunogenicity and safety of measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines coadministeredA pooled analysis was conducted of 1,257 toddlers who received a fourth dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b- Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and...
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Respiratory viral pathogens associated with lower respiratory tract disease among young childrenAcute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) commonly result in fatal outcomes in the young children of Papua New Guinea (PNG).
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CD46 measles virus receptor polymorphisms influence receptor protein expressionDespite the availability of measles vaccines, infants continue to die from measles. Measles vaccine responses vary between individuals, and poor...
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Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 polymorphisms: Associations with functional effects and cellular and antibody responses to measles virus and vaccineThe functionality and effects of TLR7 and TLR8 polymorphisms on cellular and antibody responses was investigated after the first measles vaccine dose.