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Research

Evaluating the Extent of Clinical Uncertainty Among Treatment Options for Patients with Early-Onset Scoliosis

The objective of this study was to evaluate areas of clinical uncertainty among pediatric spine surgeons regarding the treatment of early-onset scoliosis.

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Diet in the early years of life influences cognitive outcomes at 10 years: A prospective cohort study

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diet during the first 3 years of life and cognitive outcomes at 10 years of age.

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Maternal life stress events in pregnancy link to children's school achievement at age 10 years

Maternal antenatal exposure to life stress events has differing effects on the school performance of male and female offspring.

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Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and internalizing and externalizing problems in offspring

Exposure to elevated maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is associated with increased levels of internalizing and externalizing problems throughout childhood and...

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Parental occupational exposure to engine exhausts and childhood brain tumors

Increased risks were observed for maternal exposure to diesel exhaust any time before the child's birth and paternal exposure around the time of the child's...

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The role of nutrition in children's neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through childhood

This review examines the current evidence for a possible connection between nutritional intake (including micronutrients and whole diet) and neurocognitive...

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Risk factors for bronchial hyperresponsiveness in teenagers differ with sex and atopic status

Sex-related differences in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) have been reported in adolescents, but the mechanisms remain obscure.

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Method of bacterial killing differentially affects the human innate immune response to Staphylococcus epidermidis

In vitro investigations of human innate immune responses to extracellular bacteria commonly utilise killed preparations in preference to live...

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Crowding and other strong predictors of upper respiratory tract carriage of otitis media-related bacteria

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is associated with otitis media

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Interaction between adaptive and innate immune pathways in the pathogenesis of atopic asthma: Operation of a lung/bone marrow axis

Atopic asthma is the most common form of asthma, particularly during childhood, and in many cases it persists into adult life.